Supply Chain
Article | May 22, 2023
Even though there are distinct differences between demurrage, detention and port charges, many are still oblivious to these differences and there have been several questions on this blog relating to these charges.
This article is about how demurrage, detention, and port charges work.
International Trade and CostsWhen it comes to international trade, majority of the buyers and sellers use Incoterms to decide what each other’s responsibilities and liabilities are in terms of the business, especially related to costs.
Generally, there is very little room to manoeuvre in terms of additional and unbudgeted costs incurred on the shipment and therefore in their own interest it is important that the buyers and sellers take necessary precautions to ensure that all known costs relating to the business are discussed and finalised before the shipment commences.
There are many entities involved in the process of shipping a container from Point A to Point B, each with their own cost component, all of which have to be covered either by the seller or the buyer.
Demurrage, detention and port charges are just some of these costs that may be applicable in a shipment.
While some of the port charges are valid and unavoidable, demurrage, detention and some of the port charges (like port storage, early arrival, late arrival, amendment, shifting etc) are entirely avoidable if everyone in the chain follows the process that they need to follow.
What are port charges?
Port charges, as the name suggests are a set of charges levied by the port or terminal which the container passes through.In terms of container shipments, port charges may include but not limited to below :
Terminal Handling Charge (THC)
Is quite simply the charge levied by the port for the loading and discharging of a container from the ship.. THC differs from port to port, terminal to terminal around the world and is charged both by the load port and discharge port.If the cargo is transhipped anywhere along the route, then the transhipment port also charges this THC but that is paid by the shipping line directly to the port and this quantum is usually included in the ocean freight charged by the line.
Early Arrival Charge
A charge levied by some of the ports/terminals for a container that arrives in the terminal BEFORE the stacks into which it is to be taken has been opened.. Early arrival can happen due to various reasons like a container missed the stacks for the previous vessel narrowly, but since the container is packed, it needs to be taken to the port, The acceptance of containers prior to the stacks/gate open is at the discretion of the Port/Terminal Operator and on the circumstances surrounding the operation of the vessels.
Late Arrival Charge
A late arrival charge is a charge levied by the port for a container that arrives in the terminal AFTER the stacks into which it is to be taken has been closed.. This could be due to delays in documentation, packing delays, inspection, trucking delays and many other situations.The acceptance of containers after the closing of stacks/gate is at the discretion of the Port/Terminal Operator and on the circumstances surrounding the operation of the vessels and if the containers can be accepted without disrupting the schedule of the vessel and ports.
Stuffing/Destuffing of Containers
Some ports/terminals allow the stuffing (packing)/de-stuffing (unpacking) of the containers within the port area and charge customers based on the port tariff.This activity may happen at ports that provide CFS services and allow containers to be packed or unpacked in the port or due to some mistakes when the cargo was originally packed – say incompatible hazardous cargoes packed together.Depending on the port/terminal/country, the port charges may be charged directly to the customer (importer or exporter) or to the shipping line, who in turn will charge this to the customer.
Of course, this is not the full list of port charges but these charges have been mentioned as it relates to the subject under discussion,Demurrage and DetentionWhile some of these port charges may be unavoidable, demurrage and detention charges on the other hand are avoidable charges, but in a lot of cases due to mishandling, miscommunication, misunderstandings and not following the proper protocols, these charges occur..When they do occur, these charges may create quite a financial impact on the whole business and sometimes these costs could be so prohibitive that some customers abandon their cargoes at the destination due to these costs.
Although the most common market practice is to combine demurrage and detention, there are several cases where these are charged separately, and therefore it is important to know the difference between demurrage and detention.
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Warehousing and Distribution
Article | July 11, 2023
Explore the techniques to improve warehousing and distribution centre. Learn from the best books of logistics and distribution management and enhance warehousing operations and distribution processes.
Efficient warehouse management is crucial in the complex world of distribution and logistics. With various warehouse types serving different purposes, warehouse managers are responsible for ensuring smooth operations, safeguarding valuable goods, and optimizing supply chain units. Building a strong knowledge base is key, and the best way to start is by delving into the top warehouse management books. This article presents a curated list of essential reads that will provide you with a solid foundation in the warehouse and distribution field. From understanding fundamentals to exploring cutting-edge practices, these books help in better decision-making regarding warehousing and distribution operations.
1. Fundamentals of Warehousing & Distribution
Author Name: Material Handling Industry
Fundamentals of Warehousing & Distribution is an essential book for professionals in the warehousing and distribution industry. Published as part of the MHI Career & Technical Education Program, this series of four warehouse management books provides comprehensive knowledge on material handling equipment, information technology tools, and warehouse operations. Volume 1 serves as a foundational guide, introducing readers to modern warehouses and distribution centers' equipment, processes, and operations. With its focus on practical knowledge and industry best practices, this warehouse and distribution book provides readers with the skills and expertise necessary for successful warehouse and distribution management.
2. Warehousing and Distribution Practices
Author Name: xu ji ying
Divided into two parts, Warehousing and Distribution Practices covers seven key areas of the real-world processes for managing storage and implementation of effective distribution strategies. This distribution management book focus on essential knowledge and skills, each section provides valuable insights through logistics standard terms, case studies, knowledge links, and practical application. As one of the best books on logistics and distribution management, it will give you the complete step-by-step guidance to expand and improve warehousing and distribution centre by leveraging the theory shared by xu ji ying.
3. Warehousing And Distribution Management Project Type Tutorial
Author Name: Wang Yu
Warehousing and Distribution Management Project Type Tutorial, a logistics and supply chain management book, revolutionize logistics education with its innovative approach. This comprehensive book goes beyond traditional teaching methods, immersing readers in real-world scenarios and practical projects. Through eleven immersive teaching projects and thirty-two dynamic learning tasks, readers gain hands-on experience in system planning, business management, quality control, inventory operations, technology application, and more. Developed in collaboration with industry experts, this tutorial bridges the gap between theory and practice, empowering logistics professionals to navigate the complexities of warehouse and distribution management. With its unique project-based structure, this warehousing and distribution book delivers a transformative learning experience for aspiring logistics and supply chain industry leaders.
4. Fundamentals of Warehousing & Distribution: Volume 3
Author Name: MHI
Fundamentals of Warehousing & Distribution, a logistics and supply chain management book revolutionizes how logistics professionals perceive warehouses. By delving into captivating case study examples, this book unveils the intricacies of different warehouse configurations, showcasing how cutting-edge equipment and technologies empower diverse order fulfilment strategies. It challenges conventional wisdom by emphasizing that warehouses are no longer mere storage spaces; they have transformed into dynamic hubs that efficiently cater to a wide range of order types, from bulk shipments to individual products. With its ground-breaking insights and practical applications, this volume is a game-changer for industry experts seeking to elevate their warehousing and distribution management skills.
5. Warehouse Distribution and Operations Handbook
Author Name: David Mulcahy
Optimize warehouse operations with this warehouse and distribution management book, Warehouse Distribution and Operations Handbook. With a focus on improving inventory management, reducing costs and enhancing customer experiences, this handbook offers best practices, methods, equipment applications and technologies to utilize in different warehouse and distribution centres. Whether it's industrial, mail-order, or retail facilities, this comprehensive logistics and distribution management book provides the knowledge and strategies to drive profitability and control assets. It is an essential resource for anyone in the logistics industry looking to master distribution management and excel in warehouse operations.
6. Warehouse and Distribution Centre
Author and Editor Name: Robert Mulder & Michiel Kobussen
The warehouse and Distribution Centre is a valuable resource for logistics professionals and architects navigating the evolving landscape of warehouse design. This distribution management book addresses designers' pressing challenges, including cost control, technical requirements, and safety considerations. It offers a comprehensive system of theories, guidelines, and design standards, accompanied by a diverse collection of global warehouse and distribution centre projects. Balancing both the ends of practical reference and inspirational examples, this best book for distribution management equips readers with the knowledge and insights needed to create efficient, innovative, and sustainable warehouse and distribution solutions. It is a must-read for anyone involved in warehousing and distribution management.
7. Warehousing and Distribution Operation Practice
Author Name: peng jian cheng
Rooted in practical vocational education, Warehousing and Distribution Operation Practice is a book that emphasizes integrating theoretical knowledge with functional operations. It provides a hands-on approach to learning, enabling readers to apply their knowledge directly in real-world scenarios. This warehousing and distribution book will give you the required skills and expertise to optimize operational efficiency. With the help of practices shared by peng jian in the warehouse management book, readers will get insights into supply chain management and logistics operations. In addition, it will not only help in improving the processes in the warehouse and distribution but also enhance the overall business.
8. Operations and Supply Chain Management Essentials You Always Wanted to Know
Author Name: Vibrant Publishers & Ashley McDonough
Overcome the complexities of supply chain management and warehouse operations with Operations and Supply Chain Management Essentials You Always Wanted to Know. This engaging book takes you on a captivating journey through the interconnected world of logistics, unveiling the significance of every step in the process. Through a compelling narrative centred around a fictional company and its consumer product, you'll explore the challenges, decisions, and adaptations supply chain professionals face. Gain a deep understanding of supply chain operations, from disruptive forces to practical applications, and discover the importance of interactive business domains.
9. Start your Own Wholesale Distribution Business
Author Name: The Staff of Entrepreneur Media & Christopher Matthew Spencer
Embark on a lucrative journey in the distribution industry with 'Start Your Own Wholesale Distribution Business.' This comprehensive guide, crafted by the experts at Entrepreneur Media, equips you with the essential steps to establish a thriving wholesale operation from the comfort of your home. Discover the art of being an intermediary, connecting manufacturers and retailers to reap profits. Uncover industry-specific strategies, secure funding, identify profitable niches, forge valuable partnerships, and effectively market your business. With insights from experienced wholesale distributors, sample forms, checklists, and worksheets, this warehousing and distribution book is your roadmap to mastering the world of distribution and logistics.
10. Warehouse Management: The Definitive Guide to Improving Efficiency and Minimizing Costs in the Morden Warehouse
Author Name: Gwynne Richards
Discover one of the best books for logistics management in the modern era with 'Warehouse Management: The Definitive Guide to Improving Efficiency and Minimizing Costs in the Modern Warehouse.' This extensively updated fourth edition delves into the latest technologies, such as robotics, cobots, and AI, revolutionizing warehouse operations. Author Gwynne Richards offers expert insights and realistic solutions to optimize warehouse performance and improve efficiency. This effective distribution management book provides strategies and environmental initiatives to ensure a sustainable supply chain. Packed with real case studies and online resources, this book is an essential resource for distribution and logistics professionals.
Conclusion
Warehousing and distribution books have been a valuable resource for reference in the logistics field. While this compilation is not exhaustive, it offers a robust selection of warehouse management books that can effectively address various related challenges. Whether seeking insights into warehouse and transportation management or exploring other facets of supply chain management, logistics management, and procurement, the knowledge gained will be a worthwhile investment for future decision-making.
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Warehousing and Distribution
Article | June 27, 2023
Over the past decade, transportation and logistics have witnessed an immense transformation, from using automotive vehicles to drones and paper tags to advanced geotags. Also, the introduction of novel technologies and incorporation of innovative solutions such as artificial intelligence and blockchain has further reshaped the sector.
How is Rising Complexity Triggering the Adoption of Novel Technologies?
Today's supply chain is, in a word, complex. It has so many complexities, from ever-rising consumer expectations and disruptive events to globalized sourcing and omnichannel demand, that it is now being compared to a modern-day Gordian knot. With complexity comes ambiguity, particularly in the transportation and logistics industry.
For instance, importers are expected to find cost-effective and efficient ways to transport goods from manufacturing facilities, which are frequently located halfway around the world, to distribution centers and then, ultimately, into the hands of consumers. In addition, e-commerce has further added to the complexity by introducing new channels into the jumble along with the introduction of same-day or next-day delivery standards with higher transparency and tracking features by leading players such as eBay, Walmart, and Amazon Here are a few prominent technologies assisting logistics companies to counter these complexities.
Data Analytics
Big data analytics aids in the more accurate and efficient planning of operational processes, services, and strategies, allowing businesses to align with emerging consumer needs.
Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning
AI and Machine Learning have become the most sought-after tech in the transportation food chain. It assists businesses in enhancing operational functionality, boosting productivity and speed, designing optimal transit networks and routes, and improving safety through predictive risk calculation and elimination.
The Internet of Things (IoT)
With the rising need for transparency and tracking of shipped goods, IoT is garnering immense popularity across the transportation and logistics sector. It enables businesses to monitor and track their goods in real-time with the help of geo-tagging, RFID tags, and GPS, resulting in fewer delays in deliveries.
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Warehousing and Distribution
Article | July 17, 2023
Unlock operational efficiency and deliver exceptional customer service with a WMS. Learn how cloud-based WMS improves control, enhances customer service, and prepares businesses to develop & succeed.
Contents
1. Importance of Warehouse Management Systems
2. How Warehouse Management Systems Optimize Operations
2.1. Productivity Tracking
2.2. Inventory Control
2.3. Labor Management System
2.4. Slotting
2.5. Batching Logic
3. Essential Warehouse Operations Procedures
3.1. Inbound Logistics Process
3.2. Outbound Logistics Process
5. Conclusion
1. Importance of Warehouse Management Systems
A warehouse management system (WMS) is essential for optimizing warehouse operations and delivering exceptional customer service. There are five compelling reasons to consider implementing a WMS. Firstly, it enhances inventory control and management by reducing inventory levels, improving order fulfillment, and increasing accuracy. Secondly, it improves customer service and tracking through improved picking accuracy and automated shipment organization. Thirdly, a WMS boosts company productivity by adding warehouse efficiency and quality control to the fulfillment process. Fourthly, it provides a significant return on investment by improving sales accuracy, reducing errors, providing safe warehouse and simplifying customer support. Lastly, a good WMS integrates seamlessly with existing business management systems and adapts to evolving needs. Additionally, WMS enables businesses to meet compliance regulations through real-time data recording, enhanced business intelligence, and process automation.
2. How Warehouse Management Systems Optimize Operations
2.1. Productivity Tracking
Warehouse management systems (WMS) are crucial in optimizing operations by providing comprehensive productivity tracking tools. These systems capture and analyze key performance indicators (KPIs) such as order fulfillment rates, picking accuracy, and labor productivity. Organizations can identify bottlenecks, allocate resources effectively, and implement process improvements by tracking these metrics in real-time and generating insightful reports. With WMS productivity tracking, businesses gain a clear understanding of their operational efficiency and can make data-driven decisions to enhance overall performance.
2.2. Inventory Control
Efficient inventory control is essential for logistics warehouse management, and WMS solutions excel in this aspect. WMS provides real-time visibility into inventory levels, locations, and movements. Businesses can accurately track stock levels, monitor expiration dates, and implement automated replenishment warehouse processes. With advanced features like cycle counting and stock level alerts, WMS ensures inventory accuracy and reduces carrying costs. By optimizing inventory control, businesses can avoid stockouts, minimize excess stock, and improve order fulfillment rates, enhancing customer satisfaction.
2.3. Labor Management System
WMS incorporates a robust labor management system that enables businesses to allocate and manage their workforce effectively. These systems provide tools for labor planning, task allocation, and performance tracking. WMS optimizes labor allocation by assigning tasks based on employee skills, availability, and workload. By monitoring labor productivity and efficiency, businesses can identify opportunities for improvement and implement training programs to enhance employee
performance. With WMS labor management capabilities, organizations optimize labor costs, minimize overtime, and improve overall operational efficiency.
2.4. Slotting
Strategic slotting is a critical component of warehouse optimization, and WMS offers advanced slotting capabilities. By analyzing data on product demand, turnover rates, and order frequency, WMS determines the optimal locations for different products within the warehouse. Efficient slotting reduces travel time, minimizes congestion, and streamlines order picking. WMS enables businesses to assign appropriate storage locations based on product size, weight, and velocity. By optimizing slotting strategies, organizations can significantly enhance picking efficiency, reduce errors, and improve overall warehouse productivity.
2.5. Batching Logic
Batching logic is a key feature of WMS that enhances order-picking efficiency. WMS intelligently groups multiple orders with similar product requirements, locations, or delivery routes. By consolidating these orders into batches, the system enables batch picking, where a picker can fulfill multiple orders in a single trip through the warehouse. Batching logic reduces travel time, minimizes labor costs, and increases order picking speed. By maximizing picking efficiency, businesses can improve order fulfillment rates, reduce order cycle time, and meet customer expectations effectively.
3. Essential Warehouse Operations Procedures
A robust distribution center network serves as the backbone of operations, transforming raw materials into finished products and ensuring their timely delivery to customers. To gain a comprehensive view of logistics network and improve supply chain visibility, it's crucial to understand the distinction between inbound and outbound logistics.
3.1. Inbound Logistics Process
Inbound logistics encompasses the services required to bring materials and goods into businesses. This includes transportation, storage, and delivery processes. With the help of warehouse management systems (WMS), purchasing can be streamlined by synchronizing vendor details and inventory control levels. WMS allows efficient receipt scanning and guides warehouse staff to shelve items accurately. It also recommends optimal put-away, slotting, and storage space utilization techniques. Additionally, WMS facilitates reverse logistics by providing real-time information on product availability, enabling timely restocking and preventing stockouts.
3.2. Outbound Logistics Process
Outbound logistics focuses on the storage, transportation, and delivery systems that ensures finished products reach their final destination. WMS plays a vital role in this process as well. It enables accurate order picking through barcode or RFID scanners, reducing errors and ensuring the right products are chosen. Warehouse management processes integrated with WMS can automate product packaging, allowing for differentiation across sizes and optimizing packaging channels. Moreover, WMS simplifies printing shipping labels, price tags, logos, and other necessary documentation, eliminating manual data input and reducing human errors. WMS enhances the overall customer experience and minimizes fulfillment errors by ensuring timely delivery and notifying customers.
4. Implementing Cloud Warehouse Management Systems to improve productivity
Using a cloud-based warehouse management system offers several advantages for businesses looking to optimize their inventory control and streamline operations in complex distribution environments. Cloud supply chain management solutions provide benefits like multi-warehouse tracking, sales forecasting, and on-time delivery. Here are three key benefits of implementing a cloud WMS:
Increased control over business growth: Cloud-based WMS provides real-time visibility into inventory, allowing businesses to manage operations and make informed decisions efficiently. With automatic updates and centralized access, stakeholders can access relevant information anytime, enabling better control over business growth and flexibility to adapt to changing market demands.
Improved customer service: A cloud WMS empowers teams to track shipments, update arrival dates, and effectively manage the supply chain. It enables seamless communication and collaboration across the organization, ensuring timely deliveries and enhancing customer satisfaction. Efficiently conveying information leads to better customer service and a competitive edge.
Preparedness for upcoming changes: Cloud WMS offers an affordable and scalable warehousing solution. With cloud computing, businesses can easily adjust resources to meet fluctuating demands and seasonal changes. The ‘self-service’ access to WMS applications in the cloud allows for increased agility and quick adaptation to evolving business needs. Unlike traditional self-hosted systems, cloud WMS eliminates the need for upfront hardware investments and provides seamless scalability.
5. Conclusion
In the rapidly evolving business landscape, a warehouse management system (WMS) holds immense importance for organizations aiming to optimize their operations. As we look to the future, the role of WMS becomes even more crucial. With advancements in technology and the advent of new platforms, a cloud-based WMS offers unparalleled integration possibilities. By harnessing the power of cloud supply chain planning systems, businesses can gain better control over their inventory and navigate the complexities of modern distribution environments. The benefits are significant: increased control over business growth, improved customer service through real-time tracking, and preparedness for upcoming changes. By embracing cloud, WMS empowers businesses to stay agile, enhance productivity, and drive sustainable success in the dynamic business landscape of the future.
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